DR Congo, UN announce joint operations after Beni violence

Written by Agence France-Presse (AFP)

North Kivu provincial authorities decreed an indefinite dusk-to-dawn curfew in the eastern town of Beni and the surrounding area after demonstrators stormed a United Nations peacekeepers’ camp.

The protesters defied warning shots fired by Congolese security forces as they broke into the camp, which had apparently been evacuated, and set fire to an office, an AFP reporter saw.

They were among an angry crowd several hundred strong, incensed by failures to curb a notorious group that killed eight civilians overnight, who had headed to two camps after setting fire to Beni town hall, partially damaging it.

Town attacked

Army spokesman Colonel Mak Hazukai confirmed that the town had been attacked by armed men overnight, telling AFP that “the enemy entered the Boikene quarter and killed eight civilians”.

The killing has been blamed on the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) militia, a group that has its historical roots among Ugandan Islamists opposed to Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni.

The force has plagued eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) for decades, despite the presence of a large UN force and repeated pledges by the government to root it out.

Within hours of the massacre and the protest, the DRC presidency in Kinshasa announced the armed forces would stage “joint operations” in Beni with the UN force, MONUSCO.

The operations aim at “ensuring peace and security for the civilian population,” it said after an emergency meeting with MONUSCO. 

The DRC’s armed forces will also set up an “advance headquarters” in Beni, it said in a statement.

There were no details as to when the operation would begin.

The UN mission issued its own statement, saying it would “strengthen cooperation with its partners and work closely with the authorities to jointly find solutions for the people of Beni.”

The army launched an offensive in the Beni area on October 30, vowing to “definitively wipe out” armed groups in the lawless east.

In response, the ADF has carried out a string of massacres, apparently to discourage people from collaborating with the authorities.

Seventy-seven civilians have been killed in the Beni region since November 5, according to a not-for-profit organisation, the Congo Research Group (CRG).

Embattled mission

MONUSCO — the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo — is one of the biggest UN peacekeeping operations in the world.

It was established in 2010, taking over from a UN mission in Congo called MONUC, set up in 1999 at the height of the second Congo War.

The mission today comprises more than 16,500 military personnel and observers, 1,300 police and at least 4,000 civilians.

But it has struggled to make headway in a vast country beset by armed groups as well as entrenched poverty and poor governance.

On Monday, the speaker of the DR Congo parliament, Jeanine Mabunda, said MONUSCO’s mission “cannot be limitless”.

“There is an unease over the presence, the cost of MONUSCO in the DRC, and the results obtained,” Mabunda said in Paris.

She said it was “legitimate for people to ask why this force is still in the DRC.”

On Saturday, the mission said the Congolese army had launched its anti-militia offensive unilaterally, and this was why it could not intervene.

“MONUSCO cannot engage in operations in a war zone without being asked and without strict coordination with the national army,” it explained in a tweet.

Uncoordinated action could lead to casualties from friendly fire, it added.

Troubled region

Beni, in addition to being in the front line of militia violence, is also the epicentre of an Ebola epidemic that has killed around 2,200 people since August 2018.

On Friday, the World Health Organization (WHO) said fighting in the region could jeopardise an opportunity to end the outbreak.

In the neighbouring province of South Kivu, the Minembwe region has been roiled by clashes between the Banyamulenge — a herder minority which historically hails from Rwanda — and ethnic Congolese groups.

The DRC’s powerful Roman Catholic Church on Monday said “foreign troops” were fuelling these clashes — an apparent reference to neighbouring Rwanda and Burundi.

These troops “are using these community conflicts to fight on Congolese territory,” Monsignor Marcel Utembi, head of the DRC bishops’ conference (Cenco), said in a statement.